GIS Dictionary

#

• .bat file | see: batch processing
  
• 1NF | see: first normal form
  
• 24-bit color
  
• 2D surface area | see: planimetric surface area
  
• 2NF | see: second normal form
  
• 3D feature
  
• 3D graphic
  
• 3D model
  
• 3D multipatch | see: multipatch
  
• 3D polygon | see: polyhedron
  
• 3D scene
  
• 3D shape
  
• 3D surface area
  
• 3D symbol
  
• 3D-perspective surface map
  
• 3NF | see: third normal form
  

A

• abscissa
  
• absolute accuracy
  
• absolute coordinates
  
• absolute relief
  
• absolute relief mapping method
  
• acetate
  
• across-track scanner
  
• active remote sensing
  
• actual scale
  
• acutance
  
• address
  
• address data
  
• address data format
  
• address data model
  
• address element
  
• address event
  
• address event table
  
• address field
  
• address format
  
• address geocoding | see: geocoding
  
• address locator | see: locator
  
• address locator property | see: locator property
  
• address locator style | see: locator style
  
• address matching
  
• address range
  
• address standardization
  
• adjacency
  
• adjacency query
  
• Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer
  
• aerial
  
• aerial photograph
  
• aeronautical chart
  
• affine transformation
  
• aggregation
  
• agile sensor
  
• agonic line
  
• AI
  
• air navigation
  
• air photo | see: aerial photograph
  
• air station | see: exposure station
  
• airbase vector
  
• Airy 1830 ellipsoid
  
• AIS | see: automatic identification system
  
• AIXM
  
• albedo
  
• Albers equal-area conic projection
  
• alert
  
• algorithm
  
• alias
  
• aliasing
  
• alidade
  
• aligned dimension
  
• allocation
  
• almanac
  
• along-track scanner
  
• alphanumeric grid
  
• alternate key
  
• alternate name
  
• altimeter
  
• altitude
  
• AM/FM
  
• ambiguity
  
• American National Standards Institute
  
• American Society of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing | see: ASPRS
  
• American Standard Code for Information Interchange
  
• amoeba | see: complex market area
  
• anaglyph
  
• analog
  
• analog image
  
• analysis
  
• analysis extent
  
• analysis mask | see: mask
  
• analysis of variance
  
• ancillary data
  
• ancillary source
  
• Anderson schema
  
• angle scale
  
• angular deformation
  
• angular range
  
• angular shift
  
• angular unit
  
• animated map
  
• animation
  
• anisotropic
  
• anisotropy
  
• annotated orthophotomap
  
• annotation
  
• annotation class
  
• annotation construction method
  
• annotation feature class
  
• annotation group
  
• annotation layer
  
• annotation target
  
• annual increase or decrease
  
• annular drainage pattern
  
• annulus
  
• ANOVA | see: analysis of variance
  
• ANSI | see: American National Standards Institute
  
• anthropogenic
  
• antialiasing
  
• antipodal meridian
  
• antipode
  
• any-vertex connectivity
  
• anywhere fix
  
• AOI
  
• aphylactic projection | see: compromise projection
  
• API | see: application programming interface
  
• API key
  
• apogee
  
• apparent reflectance
  
• appending
  
• application
  
• application programming interface
  
• application web service
  
• approximate contour
  
• Aqua
  
• arbitrary grid cell location system
  
• arbitrary symbol
  
• arc
  
• arc degree | see: degree
  
• arc-node topology
  
• ArcGIS account
  
• arcminute | see: minute
  
• arcsecond
  
• arctan | see: arctangent
  
• arctangent
  
• are
  
• area
  
• area cartogram | see: cartogram
  
• area chart
  
• area correspondence
  
• area count
  
• area feature
  
• area of interest | see: AOI
  
• area pattern
  
• area proportion
  
• areal
  
• areal scale | see: scale
  
• arete
  
• argument
  
• arithmetic expression
  
• arithmetic function
  
• arithmetic operator | see: operator
  
• arpent section | see: long lot
  
• array
  
• artificial intelligence | see: AI
  
• artificial neural network | see: neural network
  
• ascending node
  
• ASCII | see: American Standard Code for Information Interchange
  
• aspatial data | see: nonspatial data
  
• aspatial query | see: attribute query
  
• aspect
  
• aspect map
  
• aspect ratio
  
• aspect-slope map
  
• ASPRS
  
• assumed bearing
  
• ASTER
  
• astrolabe
  
• asynchronous
  
• asynchronous request
  
• atlas
  
• atlas grid | see: alphanumeric grid
  
• atmospheric window
  
• atomic clock
  
• ATR
  
• ATR station
  
• attenuation
  
• attractiveness
  
• attribute
  
• attribute accuracy
  
• attribute change map
  
• attribute data
  
• attribute domain
  
• attribute error
  
• attribute precision
  
• attribute query
  
• attribute table
  
• attribute transformation
  
• attribution
  
• authalic
  
• authalic projection | see: authalic
  
• authalic sphere
  
• authentication
  
• authorization
  
• autocorrelation
  
• automated cartography
  
• automated digitizing | see: autovectorization
  
• automated feature extraction
  
• automated mapping/facilities management | see: AM/FM
  
• automated text placement
  
• automatic identification system
  
• automation
  
• automation scale
  
• average diversity index
  
• average fragmentation index
  
• average point spacing
  
• average spatial shift
  
• AVHRR | see: Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer
  
• AVIRIS
  
• AVL
  
• axis
  
• azimuth
  
• azimuthal equidistant projection
  
• azimuthal projection
  

B

• Babylonian sexagesimal system
  
• back azimuth
  
• back bearing
  
• background
  
• background image
  
• backscatter
  
• backsight | see: back azimuth
  
• backslope
  
• BAM | see: best available map
  
• band
  
• band ratio
  
• band separate
  
• band-pass filter
  
• bar scale | see: scale bar
  
• barrier
  
• base data
  
• base height
  
• base height ratio
  
• base layer
  
• base plate
  
• base station
  
• base symbol
  
• base table | see: business table
  
• baseline
  
• basemap
  
• batch geocoding
  
• batch processing
  
• batch vectorization
  
• bathymetric curve | see: depth contour
  
• bathymetric map
  
• bathymetry
  
• battle dimension
  
• battleships grid | see: alphanumeric grid
  
• Bayes theorem
  
• Bayesian statistics
  
• bearing
  
• bearing card
  
• bedrock
  
• BeiDou Navigation Satellite System
  
• benchmark
  
• best available map
  
• best route
  
• Bézier curve
  
• Bhattacharyya distance
  
• bi-spectral plot
  
• bifurcation ratio
  
• bilinear interpolation
  
• billboarding
  
• BIM | see: building information model
  
• bin
  
• binary
  
• binary large object
  
• bingo grid | see: alphanumeric grid
  
• binomial distribution
  
• biogeography
  
• biomass
  
• bit depth
  
• bitmap
  
• bivariate map
  
• bivariate mean
  
• BLM
  
• BLOB | see: binary large object
  
• block
  
• block adjustment
  
• block diagram
  
• block group
  
• block kriging
  
• blocking
  
• blunder
  
• bolometer
  
• Boolean expression
  
• Boolean operation
  
• Boolean operator
  
• border arcs
  
• boundary
  
• boundary effect
  
• boundary line
  
• boundary monument
  
• boundary survey
  
• bounded continuous color
  
• bounded continuous size
  
• bounding rectangle
  
• Bowditch rule | see: compass rule
  
• branching network
  
• break
  
• breakline
  
• brightness difference
  
• brightness equation
  
• brightness theme
  
• browse graphic
  
• buffer
  
• build parcel
  
• building information model
  
• building setback line
  
• bump mapping
  
• Bureau of Land Management | see: BLM
  
• bust | see: closure error
  

C

• C/A code | see: civilian code
  
• C4I
  
• CAC | see: coefficient of areal correspondence
  
• CAD | see: computer-aided design
  
• CAD dataset | see: CAD feature dataset
  
• CAD drawing
  
• CAD feature dataset
  
• CAD file
  
• CAD layer
  
• CAD staging geodatabase
  
• cadastral map
  
• cadastral survey
  
• cadastre
  
• calculated average mean
  
• calibrated focal length
  
• calibration
  
• callout line
  
• camera
  
• camera station | see: exposure station
  
• camera tilt
  
• camouflage detection film | see: CIR film
  
• candidate
  
• candidate key
  
• capacity
  
• caption
  
• carbonate bedrock
  
• cardinal direction | see: cardinal point
  
• cardinal point
  
• cardinality
  
• cardo maximus
  
• carriage
  
• carrier
  
• carrier-aided tracking
  
• carrier-phase GPS
  
• carrying contour
  
• Cartesian coordinate system
  
• cartogram
  
• cartographer
  
• cartographic abstraction
  
• cartographic generalization
  
• cartographic modeling map | see: composite variable map
  
• cartographic selection
  
• cartographic symbolization
  
• cartography
  
• cartometrics
  
• cartouche
  
• case
  
• cased line symbol
  
• casing
  
• catchment | see: watershed
  
• categorical color scheme
  
• categorical data | see: nominal data
  
• categorical map
  
• categorical raster | see: discrete raster
  
• category
  
• CBD | see: central business district
  
• CBSA | see: core-based statistical area
  
• CCD
  
• celestial sphere
  
• cell
  
• cell size
  
• cell statistics
  
• cellular automaton
  
• census block
  
• census block group
  
• census geography
  
• census tract
  
• center
  
• centerline
  
• centerline vectorization
  
• centerpoint
  
• central business district
  
• central conic projection
  
• central cylindrical projection
  
• central meridian
  
• central parallel
  
• centroid
  
• centuria
  
• Centuriation system
  
• CGI
  
• chain
  
• chain code
  
• change detection
  
• change map
  
• charge-coupled device | see: CCD
  
• chart
  
• chi-square statistic
  
• chord
  
• choropleth map
  
• chroma
  
• ChromaDepth map
  
• chronometer
  
• CHUM
  
• CIR film
  
• circle
  
• circle sector
  
• circular arc
  
• circular variance
  
• circumscribing circle
  
• cirque
  
• civilian code
  
• Clarke Belt
  
• Clarke ellipsoid of 1866
  
• Clarke spheroid of 1866 | see: Clarke ellipsoid of 1866
  
• class
  
• class intervals
  
• classed data
  
• classification
  
• classification method
  
• classification schema
  
• cleaning
  
• clearinghouse
  
• client
  
• client-side address locator
  
• climate
  
• climate map
  
• climate types
  
• clinometric map
  
• close coupling | see: tight coupling
  
• closed loop traverse
  
• closest facility analysis
  
• closure error
  
• cluster analysis
  
• cluster tolerance
  
• clustered spatial arrangement
  
• clustering
  
• CMYK
  
• CNT | see: condition table
  
• Coarse/Acquisition code | see: civilian code
  
• code-phase GPS
  
• coded value domain
  
• coefficient of areal correspondence
  
• coefficient of determination
  
• cognitive map | see: mental map
  
• COGO
  
• COGO-enabled
  
• coincident
  
• coincident geometry
  
• cokriging
  
• col
  
• colatitude
  
• cold front
  
• collection characteristics
  
• color
  
• color balancing
  
• color composite
  
• color contrast
  
• color depth
  
• color gamut
  
• color management
  
• color map
  
• color model
  
• color ramp
  
• color saturation | see: saturation
  
• color scheme
  
• color separation
  
• color system
  
• colorimetry
  
• column
  
• combinatorial operator
  
• combined mapping method
  
• community sensor model standard
  
• compact shape
  
• compactness
  
• comparison threshold
  
• compass
  
• compass balancing zones
  
• compass method
  
• compass north | see: magnetic north
  
• compass point
  
• compass rose
  
• compass rule
  
• compass variation
  
• complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor array
  
• complementary-formats display
  
• complex edge feature
  
• complex feature class
  
• complex market area
  
• composite index
  
• composite relationship
  
• composite variable map
  
• composition
  
• compound element
  
• compression
  
• compromise projection
  
• computational geometry
  
• computer-aided design
  
• computer-assisted learning
  
• concatenate
  
• concatenate events
  
• concatenated key
  
• concave hillside
  
• concave slope
  
• concentric rings | see: overlapping rings
  
• concentric zone model
  
• conceptual accuracy
  
• condition table
  
• conditional operator
  
• conditional statement
  
• confidence level
  
• conflation
  
• conformal projection
  
• conformality
  
• congressional district
  
• conic projection
  
• conic projection family
  
• conjoint boundary | see: shared boundary
  
• connection line
  
• connectivity
  
• connectivity analysis | see: network analysis
  
• connectivity group
  
• connectivity measure
  
• connectivity policy
  
• connectivity rule
  
• connector
  
• constant azimuth | see: rhumb line
  
• constant isoline interval
  
• constant-slope path
  
• constraint
  
• construction line
  
• containment
  
• content
  
• Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
  
• conterminous
  
• context
  
• contiguity
  
• contiguous
  
• contiguous cartogram
  
• continental slope
  
• continuous data
  
• continuous feature
  
• continuous hypsometric tinting
  
• continuous phenomena
  
• continuous raster
  
• continuous surface
  
• continuous tone image
  
• continuous-surface map
  
• contour
  
• contour interval
  
• contour line
  
• contour tagging
  
• contrast
  
• contrast ratio
  
• contrast stretch
  
• control measure
  
• control point
  
• conventional alternative hypothesis
  
• convergence angle
  
• converging meridians
  
• conversion
  
• convex hillside
  
• convex hull
  
• convex polygon
  
• convex slope
  
• convolution filter
  
• coordinate geometry
  
• coordinate reference system | see: coordinate system
  
• coordinate system
  
• coordinate transformation
  
• coordinated universal time
  
• coordinates
  
• core-based statistical area
  
• correction line
  
• correlation
  
• correspondence
  
• corridor
  
• corridor analysis
  
• cost
  
• cost grid | see: cost raster
  
• cost raster
  
• cost-benefit analysis
  
• cost-distance analysis
  
• cost-weighted allocation
  
• cost-weighted direction
  
• cost-weighted distance
  
• counting dial
  
• county
  
• county subdivision
  
• course
  
• course heading
  
• covariance
  
• coverage
  
• coverage units
  
• cracking
  
• Crandall rule
  
• credits
  
• critical value
  
• cross correlation
  
• cross covariance
  
• cross fix
  
• cross section
  
• cross tabulation
  
• cross validation
  
• cross variogram
  
• cross-reference database
  
• cross-tile indexing
  
• cross-track error
  
• crosswalk
  
• CRS | see: coordinate system
  
• CSDGM | see: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
  
• CSV
  
• cubic convolution
  
• cultural feature
  
• cultural geography
  
• curb approach
  
• Current Atlas
  
• curvature
  
• curve fitting
  
• customer market analysis
  
• customer profiling
  
• customer prospecting
  
• cut
  
• cut contour
  
• cut/fill
  
• cutoff meander
  
• cycle
  
• cylindrical equal-area projection
  
• cylindrical projection
  
• cylindrical projection family
  

D

• dangle
  
• dangling arc
  
• dangling node | see: dangle
  
• dashboard
  
• dasymetric mapping
  
• data
  
• data accuracy | see: accuracy
  
• data binning
  
• data capture
  
• data classification | see: classification
  
• data collection unit
  
• data conversion
  
• data dictionary
  
• data element
  
• data integrity
  
• data logger | see: data recorder
  
• data message
  
• data model
  
• data quality report
  
• data recorder
  
• data repository | see: clearinghouse
  
• data sharing
  
• data source
  
• data source error
  
• data transfer
  
• data type
  
• data-driven ring analysis
  
• database
  
• database generalization
  
• dataset
  
• dataset precision
  
• date
  
• datum
  
• datum contour | see: zero contour
  
• datum level
  
• datum plane | see: datum level
  
• datum shift | see: geographic transformation
  
• datum transformation | see: geographic transformation
  
• DD | see: decimal degrees
  
• dead reckoning
  
• decimal degrees
  
• declination
  
• declination diagram
  
• deep learning
  
• default junction type
  
• Defence Geospatial Information Working Group
  
• defined study area
  
• deflection
  
• degree
  
• degree slope
  
• degrees-minutes-seconds
  
• Delaunay triangles
  
• Delaunay triangulation
  
• delimiter
  
• DEM | see: digital elevation model
  
• demographic map
  
• demographics
  
• demography
  
• dendogram
  
• dendritic
  
• dendritic drainage pattern
  
• densify
  
• densitometer
  
• density
  
• density measure
  
• density slicing
  
• density value
  
• dependent variable
  
• depot
  
• depot visit
  
• depression
  
• depression contour | see: hachured contour
  
• depth contour
  
• depth curve | see: depth contour
  
• derivative bands
  
• derived data
  
• derived value | see: derived data
  
• descending node
  
• descriptive data | see: attribute data
  
• descriptive statistics
  
• descriptor
  
• designated market area
  
• desire-line analysis
  
• destination
  
• determinate flow direction
  
• deterministic model
  
• detrending
  
• developable surface
  
• device coordinates
  
• DGIWG | see: Defence Geospatial Information Working Group
  
• DGPS | see: differential correction
  
• diazo process
  
• difference image
  
• differential correction
  
• differential Global Positioning System | see: differential correction
  
• diffusion
  
• DIGEST | see: Digital Geographic Information Exchange Standard
  
• digital elevation model
  
• Digital Geographic Information Exchange Standard
  
• Digital Geographic Information Working Group | see: Defence Geospatial Information Working Group
  
• digital image
  
• digital image processing
  
• digital line graph
  
• digital nautical chart
  
• digital number
  
• digital orthophoto quadrangle
  
• digital orthophoto quarter quadrangle
  
• digital raster graphic
  
• digital surface model
  
• digital terrain elevation data | see: DTED
  
• digital terrain model
  
• digital twin
  
• digitize
  
• digitizer
  
• digitizing
  
• Dijkstra's algorithm
  
• dilution of precision
  
• DIME | see: Dual Independent Map Encoding
  
• dimension
  
• dimension construction method
  
• dimension feature class
  
• DIP | see: digital image processing
  
• direct georeferencing
  
• directed network flow
  
• direction
  
• direction line
  
• directional filter
  
• directional influences
  
• Dirichlet tessellation | see: Voronoi diagram
  
• dirty areas
  
• disconnected editing
  
• discrete cosine transform
  
• discrete data
  
• discrete digitizing
  
• discrete feature
  
• discrete raster
  
• displacement
  
• display projection
  
• display scale
  
• display unit
  
• disproportionate symbol error
  
• dissemination | see: diffusion
  
• dissolve
  
• dissolve join | see: dissolve
  
• distance
  
• distance band
  
• distance decay
  
• distance inset
  
• distance segment
  
• distance table
  
• distance unit
  
• distance weight
  
• distance weighting
  
• distortion
  
• distortion circle | see: Tissot's indicatrix
  
• distributed data
  
• distributed database
  
• distribution
  
• distributive flow map
  
• dithering
  
• diurnal
  
• diurnal arc
  
• divergence analysis
  
• diverging color scheme
  
• diversity
  
• diversity index
  
• diversity index range
  
• diversity measure
  
• DLG | see: digital line graph
  
• DLS
  
• DMA | see: designated market area
  
• DMS | see: degrees-minutes-seconds
  
• DNC | see: digital nautical chart
  
• domain
  
• donut rings
  
• DOP | see: dilution of precision
  
• Doppler radar map
  
• Doppler shift
  
• Doppler-aided GPS
  
• DOQ | see: digital orthophoto quadrangle
  
• DOQQ | see: digital orthophoto quarter quadrangle
  
• dot density map
  
• dot distribution map
  
• dot screen
  
• dot size
  
• dot unit value
  
• dots per inch
  
• double precision
  
• double-coordinate precision | see: double precision
  
• Douglas-Peucker algorithm | see: Ramer-Douglas-Peucker algorithm
  
• downstream
  
• dpi | see: dots per inch
  
• drafting
  
• drainage
  
• draping
  
• drawing priority
  
• DRG | see: digital raster graphic
  
• drift
  
• drive-time area
  
• drone imagery
  
• DSM | see: digital surface model
  
• DTED
  
• DTM | see: digital terrain model
  
• Dual Independent Map Encoding
  
• dynamic feature class
  
• dynamic image map
  
• dynamic map
  
• dynamic qualitative thematic map
  
• dynamic segmentation
  

E

• Earth Gravitational Model
  
• earth-centered datum | see: geocentric datum
  
• earth-centered earth-fixed
  
• easement
  
• easting
  
• eccentricity
  
• ecliptic
  
• ecological fallacy
  
• economic geography
  
• ecoregion
  
• ED50
  
• edge
  
• edge connectivity policy
  
• edge detection
  
• edge element | see: edge
  
• edge enhancement
  
• edge-edge rule
  
• edge-junction cardinality
  
• edge-junction rule
  
• edgematching
  
• edit mask
  
• elapsed time
  
• elastic transformation | see: rubber sheeting
  
• electromagnetic energy
  
• electromagnetic radiation
  
• electromagnetic spectrum
  
• electronic atlas
  
• electronic navigational chart
  
• element
  
• elevation
  
• elevation drawing
  
• elevation guide
  
• elevation tints
  
• ellipse
  
• ellipsoid
  
• ellipsoid height
  
• ellipsoidal geodesics
  
• ellipticity | see: eccentricity
  
• embedded feature class
  
• empirical
  
• ENC | see: electronic navigational chart
  
• encoding
  
• end hatch definition
  
• end offset
  
• endpoint connectivity
  
• engineering plan
  
• English unit
  
• enhancement
  
• enroute aeronautical chart
  
• enterprise GIS
  
• entrance pupil
  
• enumeration district
  
• envelope
  
• environmental model
  
• ephemeris
  
• epidemiological map
  
• epipolar lines
  
• epipolar plane
  
• epipole
  
• EPSG ID
  
• equal competition area
  
• equal-area classification
  
• equal-area projection
  
• equal-interval classification
  
• equator
  
• equatorial aspect
  
• equatorial axis
  
• equatorial plane
  
• equidistance
  
• equidistant projection
  
• equirectangular projection
  
• equivalence
  
• equivalent projection | see: equal-area projection
  
• error
  
• error budget
  
• error matrix
  
• error propagation
  
• error triangle
  
• Esri Grid
  
• Esri JSON
  
• estimation
  
• ETRS89
  
• Euclidean distance
  
• Euclidean distance analysis
  
• Euclidean geometry
  
• evaluator
  
• event
  
• event overlay
  
• event table
  
• event theme
  
• event transform | see: transform events
  
• exception
  
• explanatory variable | see: independent variable
  
• explode
  
• exponent
  
• exposure station
  
• expression
  
• extended postal code | see: ZIP+4 code
  
• extent
  
• extent rectangle
  
• exterior orientation
  
• external polygon | see: universe polygon
  
• extraction guide
  
• extrapolation
  
• extrusion
  

F

• F | see: F statistic
  
• F statistic
  
• F test
  
• FAA
  
• fabric | see: parcel fabric
  
• face
  
• facility
  
• factual error
  
• false easting
  
• false northing
  
• false precision
  
• feature
  
• feature attribute table | see: attribute table
  
• feature class
  
• feature collection
  
• feature data
  
• feature dataset
  
• feature displacement
  
• feature extraction
  
• feature layer
  
• feature service
  
• feature space analysis
  
• feature streaming
  
• feature table
  
• feature template
  
• feature-linked annotation
  
• Federal Geographic Data Committee
  
• FGDC | see: Federal Geographic Data Committee
  
• FGDC Clearinghouse | see: NSDI Clearinghouse Node
  
• FGDC standard | see: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
  
• FID | see: ObjectID
  
• fiducial mark
  
• field
  
• field mapping
  
• field observation
  
• field of regard
  
• field of view
  
• field precision
  
• field scale
  
• field sketch
  
• field view
  
• figure-ground organization
  
• fill
  
• fill contour
  
• fill symbol
  
• fillet
  
• filter
  
• Find Addresses
  
• Find Places
  
• Find Points of Interest
  
• Find Route
  
• Find Similar analysis
  
• first normal form
  
• fishnet map
  
• fitness for use
  
• fix
  
• fixed reference point
  
• fixed use | see: single use
  
• fixed-distance weighting
  
• flag
  
• flattening
  
• flight line
  
• float
  
• floating point
  
• flow accumulation
  
• flow direction
  
• flow line
  
• flow map
  
• fly-through
  
• FMV | see: full-motion video
  
• focal analysis
  
• focal functions | see: focal analysis
  
• focal plane
  
• focal plane array
  
• follow feature mode
  
• font
  
• footprint
  
• foreground
  
• foreshortening
  
• form lines
  
• formal balance
  
• fractal
  
• fragmentation map
  
• frame camera model
  
• framing camera
  
• free network adjustment
  
• frequency
  
• from-node
  
• front
  
• full-motion video
  
• function
  
• function chain
  
• functional surface
  
• fuzzy boundary
  
• fuzzy classification
  
• fuzzy set
  
• fuzzy tolerance
  

G

• Galileo
  
• Gall-Peters projection
  
• gamma correction
  
• Gantt chart
  
• Gauss-Krüger projection
  
• Gaussian distribution | see: normal distribution
  
• gazetteer
  
• GBF/DIME
  
• GDB | see: geodatabase
  
• generalization
  
• generating globe
  
• genetic algorithm
  
• geocentric
  
• geocentric coordinate system
  
• geocentric coordinates
  
• geocentric datum
  
• geocentric latitude
  
• geocentric longitude
  
• geocode
  
• geocode server
  
• geocoded feature class
  
• geocoding
  
• geocoding engine | see: geocoding service
  
• geocoding index
  
• geocoding platform | see: geocoding service
  
• geocoding process | see: geocoding service
  
• geocoding reference data
  
• geocoding service
  
• geocomputation
  
• geodata | see: geographic data
  
• geodatabase
  
• geodatabase data model
  
• geodatabase feature dataset
  
• geodataset
  
• geodesic
  
• geodesy
  
• geodetic datum
  
• geodetic distance
  
• geodetic latitude
  
• geodetic longitude
  
• geodetic measurement
  
• Geodetic Reference System of 1980
  
• geodetic survey
  
• geodetic transformation | see: geographic transformation
  
• geofence
  
• geographic
  
• geographic constraint | see: extent
  
• geographic context
  
• geographic coordinate system
  
• geographic coordinates
  
• geographic data
  
• geographic database | see: geodatabase
  
• geographic direction system
  
• geographic information science | see: GIScience
  
• geographic information system | see: GIS
  
• geographic north | see: true north
  
• geographic phenomena
  
• geographic poles
  
• geographic primitive
  
• geographic projection | see: display projection
  
• geographic transformation
  
• geography
  
• geography level
  
• geoid
  
• geoid height
  
• geoid-ellipsoid separation
  
• geoidal undulation
  
• geoinformatics
  
• GeoJSON
  
• geolocation
  
• geologic cross section
  
• geologic map
  
• geometric coincidence
  
• geometric correction
  
• geometric dilution of precision | see: dilution of precision
  
• geometric distortion
  
• geometric element
  
• geometric interval classification
  
• geometric network
  
• geometric transformation
  
• geometry
  
• geomorphology
  
• geopositioning
  
• geoprocessing
  
• georectification
  
• georeferencing
  
• georelational data model
  
• geospatial data clearinghouse | see: NSDI Clearinghouse Network
  
• geospatial intelligence
  
• geospatial technology
  
• geospecific model
  
• geostationary
  
• geostatistics
  
• geosynchronous
  
• GEOTIFF
  
• geotypical model
  
• GIF
  
• GIS
  
• GIS coordinate | see: coordinates
  
• GIScience
  
• glacial contour
  
• global analysis
  
• global functions | see: global analysis
  
• global geoid
  
• global navigation satellite system | see: GNSS
  
• Global Positioning System | see: GPS
  
• global spatial data infrastructure
  
• GlobalID
  
• globally unique identifier
  
• globe
  
• GLONASS
  
• glyph
  
• GMT | see: Greenwich mean time
  
• gnomonic projection
  
• GNSS
  
• GNSS time
  
• gon | see: gradian
  
• goodness of fit
  
• gore
  
• GPS
  
• GPS augmentation
  
• GPS time
  
• grad | see: gradian
  
• gradian
  
• gradient
  
• gradient of gravity
  
• gradient vector map
  
• graduated color map
  
• graduated symbol map
  
• granularity
  
• graph | see: chart
  
• graphic
  
• graticule
  
• graticule alignment of labels
  
• gravimeter
  
• gravimetric geodesy
  
• gravity model
  
• gray level
  
• grayscale
  
• great circle
  
• great circle route
  
• Greenwich mean time
  
• Greenwich meridian
  
• grid
  
• grid azimuth
  
• grid cell | see: cell
  
• grid cell location system
  
• grid convergence
  
• grid coordinate system
  
• grid declination
  
• grid meridian
  
• grid north
  
• grid reference box
  
• grid stack
  
• ground control
  
• ground control point | see: control point
  
• ground distance multiplier
  
• ground receiving station
  
• ground resolution
  
• ground truth
  
• group
  
• group layer
  
• GRS80 | see: Geodetic Reference System of 1980
  
• GSDI | see: global spatial data infrastructure
  
• GUID | see: globally unique identifier
  

H

• hachure
  
• hachured contour
  
• half point
  
• halftone image
  
• Hamiltonian circuit | see: Hamiltonian path
  
• Hamiltonian path
  
• HARN | see: High Accuracy Reference Network
  
• hatches
  
• hatching
  
• HDOP | see: horizontal dilution of precision
  
• heading
  
• heat map
  
• hectare
  
• height
  
• height above ellipsoid
  
• Helmert transformation
  
• hemisphere
  
• heuristic
  
• hex code
  
• hexadecimal
  
• hexmap
  
• hierarchy
  
• High Accuracy Reference Network
  
• High Precision Geodetic Network | see: HARN
  
• high-pass filter
  
• hillshading
  
• hillsign
  
• hillslope element
  
• histogram
  
• histogram equalization
  
• historic parcel
  
• historical marker
  
• hole
  
• homolatitudes
  
• homolosine projection
  
• horizon
  
• horizon circle
  
• horizontal accuracy
  
• horizontal angle
  
• horizontal control
  
• horizontal control datum | see: horizontal geodetic datum
  
• horizontal datum | see: horizontal geodetic datum
  
• horizontal dilution of precision
  
• horizontal geodetic datum
  
• HPGN | see: HARN
  
• HSV
  
• hub
  
• hue
  
• human geography
  
• human landscape
  
• hydrographic chart
  
• hydrographic datum
  
• hydrographic survey
  
• hydrography
  
• hydrologic cycle
  
• hydrology
  
• hyperspectral imagery
  
• hypsography
  
• hypsometric curve
  
• hypsometric map
  
• hypsometric tinting
  
• hypsometry
  

I

• ICAO
  
• ID | see: identifier
  
• ideal camera model
  
• identification key
  
• identifier
  
• identify
  
• identity
  
• identity link
  
• IDW | see: inverse distance weighted interpolation
  
• IFR enroute high altitude chart
  
• IFR enroute low altitude chart
  
• IFSAR
  
• IID
  
• illumination
  
• illumination map
  
• image
  
• image adjustment
  
• image basemap
  
• image catalog | see: raster catalog
  
• image chip
  
• image coordinate
  
• image coordinate system
  
• image data
  
• image division
  
• image element
  
• image filter
  
• image index
  
• image interpretation
  
• image map
  
• image pixel
  
• image scale
  
• image service
  
• image space
  
• image statistics
  
• image stretch
  
• image support data
  
• image tile layer
  
• image transformation
  
• imagery layer
  
• impedance
  
• incident
  
• incident energy
  
• INCITS
  
• independent variable
  
• indeterminate flow direction
  
• index
  
• index contour line
  
• index map
  
• index mark
  
• index value
  
• industry
  
• inertial measurement unit
  
• inferencing
  
• information space
  
• infrared radiation
  
• infrared satellite image
  
• infrared scanner | see: infrared sensor
  
• infrared sensor
  
• infrared weather satellite image map
  
• infrastructure
  
• initial point
  
• input event record
  
• input feature
  
• input table
  
• inscribed circle
  
• inset map
  
• insolation | see: solar insolation
  
• inspection method
  
• integer data | see: discrete data
  
• integrated feature dataset
  
• integration
  
• intensity
  
• interactive map
  
• interactive vectorization
  
• interferogram
  
• interior orientation
  
• intermediate contour line
  
• intermediate data
  
• International Chart Series
  
• international date line
  
• International Ellipsoid of 1924
  
• international meridian | see: Greenwich meridian
  
• International Meridian Conference
  
• international nautical mile
  
• International Organization for Standardization
  
• Internet of things
  
• interoperability
  
• interpolation
  
• interrupted Goode homolosine projection
  
• interrupted projection
  
• intersect
  
• intersection
  
• intersection connector
  
• interval data
  
• intrinsic stationarity
  
• inverse distance
  
• inverse distance weighted interpolation
  
• inverse tangent
  
• IoT | see: Internet of things
  
• IRNSS
  
• irregular line profile
  
• irregular surface area
  
• irregular triangular mesh | see: TIN
  
• irregular triangular surface model | see: TIN
  
• isanomal
  
• isarithm
  
• island polygon
  
• ISO | see: International Organization for Standardization
  
• isobar
  
• isochrone
  
• isogonic line
  
• isohel
  
• isohyet
  
• isoline
  
• isoline interval
  
• isometric line
  
• isopleth
  
• isotherm
  
• isotropic
  
• isotropy
  
• item
  

J

• jaggies | see: aliasing
  
• JavaScript Object Notation
  
• Jenks' optimization
  
• JOG | see: joint operations graphic
  
• joining
  
• joint operations graphic
  
• JPEG
  
• JSON | see: JavaScript Object Notation
  
• junction
  
• junction connectivity policy
  
• junction element | see: junction
  

K

• Kappa coefficient
  
• karst topography
  
• kernel
  
• key
  
• key attribute | see: primary key
  
• keyframe
  
• keyword
  
• kinematic positioning
  
• king's case
  
• knowledge base
  
• known point
  
• Kohonen map
  
• kriging
  
• kurtosis
  

L

• L-band
  
• label
  
• label class
  
• label expression
  
• label offset
  
• label offset constraint
  
• label orientation
  
• label placement option | see: label placement property
  
• label placement property
  
• label placement zone
  
• label point
  
• label priority
  
• label rule | see: label placement property
  
• label stacking
  
• label weight
  
• laddered contour label
  
• lag
  
• Lambert azimuthal equal-area projection
  
• Lambert conformal conic projection
  
• land cover
  
• land cover map
  
• land information system
  
• land record
  
• land use
  
• land use map
  
• landform
  
• landmark
  
• landmark map
  
• Landsat
  
• landscape
  
• landscape drawing
  
• landscape ecology
  
• large scale
  
• LAS
  
• LAS dataset
  
• latitude
  
• latitude of center
  
• latitude of origin
  
• latitude-longitude
  
• lattice
  
• layer
  
• layout
  
• LBS | see: location-based services
  
• least convex hull | see: convex hull
  
• least-cost path
  
• least-squares analysis and adjustment
  
• least-squares corrections
  
• legal cadastre
  
• legend
  
• legend disclaimer
  
• Lehmann system
  
• lens distortion
  
• lens fall off
  
• lens nodal point
  
• level of confidence | see: confidence level
  
• level of detail
  
• level of measurement
  
• level of significance | see: significance level
  
• leveling
  
• LIBID
  
• lidar
  
• limited error raster compression
  
• line
  
• line event
  
• line feature
  
• line feature map
  
• line of sight
  
• line of tangency
  
• line pattern
  
• line simplification
  
• line smoothing
  
• line-on-line overlay
  
• line-on-point overlay
  
• line, sample
  
• linear connections
  
• linear dimension
  
• linear feature | see: line feature
  
• linear interpolation
  
• linear referencing
  
• linear surface
  
• linear unit
  
• link
  
• LIS | see: land information system
  
• live feed
  
• lobe
  
• local analysis
  
• local datum
  
• local functions | see: local analysis
  
• local geoid
  
• local space rectangular coordinate system
  
• locale
  
• localization
  
• location
  
• location query | see: spatial query
  
• location-allocation
  
• location-based services
  
• locator
  
• locator map
  
• locator property
  
• locator style
  
• locomotion
  
• logarithm
  
• logical expression
  
• logical network
  
• logical operator
  
• logical query
  
• logical selection | see: logical query
  
• long lot
  
• long transaction
  
• long wave infrared
  
• long-range variation
  
• longitude
  
• longitude of center
  
• longitude of origin
  
• longitudinal distance
  
• loop traverse | see: closed loop traverse
  
• loose coupling
  
• LORAN
  
• lossless compression
  
• lossy compression
  
• lot
  
• low-altitude aerial photograph
  
• low-pass filter
  
• loxodrome | see: rhumb line
  
• loxodromic curve
  

M

• m-coordinate | see: m-value
  
• m-value
  
• machine learning
  
• magnetic azimuth
  
• magnetic bearing
  
• magnetic declination
  
• magnetic inclination
  
• magnetic north
  
• magnetic poles
  
• magnetometer
  
• major axis
  
• majority resampling
  
• managed raster catalog
  
• manual classification
  
• many-to-many relationship
  
• many-to-one relationship
  
• map
  
• map accuracy
  
• map algebra
  
• map analysis
  
• map annotation
  
• map collar | see: map surround
  
• map comparison
  
• map critique
  
• map design
  
• map display
  
• map dividers
  
• map element
  
• map extent
  
• map feature | see: feature
  
• map generalization
  
• map image layer
  
• map interpretation
  
• map marginalia
  
• map measurer
  
• map precision
  
• map projection | see: projection
  
• map projection families
  
• map query | see: spatial query
  
• map reading
  
• map scale | see: scale
  
• map series
  
• map service
  
• map sheet
  
• map style | see: style
  
• map surround
  
• map symbol | see: symbol
  
• map topology
  
• map unit
  
• map view
  
• mapping key | see: classification schema
  
• mapping methods
  
• mapping period
  
• marginalia | see: map surround
  
• marine navigation
  
• marker symbol
  
• market area
  
• market penetration analysis
  
• mask
  
• mass point
  
• match score
  
• matching
  
• mathematical expression
  
• mathematical function
  
• mathematical model
  
• mathematical operator | see: operator
  
• matrix
  
• MAUP | see: modifiable areal unit problem
  
• max extent
  
• maximum elevation figure
  
• maximum slope
  
• mean
  
• mean center
  
• mean center of population
  
• mean high water
  
• mean low water
  
• mean lower low water
  
• mean sea level
  
• mean stationarity
  
• measure | see: route measure
  
• measure location fields
  
• measure value | see: m-value
  
• measured grid | see: grid
  
• measurement
  
• measurement error
  
• measurement residual
  
• measures of central tendency
  
• measures of spread
  
• median
  
• median center
  
• medium scale
  
• members
  
• mensuration
  
• mental map
  
• Mercator projection
  
• mereing
  
• merging
  
• meridian
  
• meridional arc
  
• metadata
  
• metes and bounds
  
• Metonic cycle
  
• metric system
  
• metropolitan statistical area
  
• MGRS | see: Military Grid Reference System
  
• microdensitometer
  
• micrometer
  
• micron
  
• micropolitan statistical area
  
• mid wave infrared
  
• migratory route map
  
• mileage map
  
• Military Grid Reference System
  
• military symbol
  
• mimetic symbol
  
• min/max scale
  
• minimum bounding rectangle
  
• minimum candidate score
  
• minimum map unit
  
• minimum match score
  
• minor axis
  
• minute
  
• minute of angle
  
• misclosure | see: closure error
  
• mixed pixel
  
• model
  
• modifiable areal unit problem
  
• modifier
  
• MODIS
  
• Mollweide projection
  
• monochromatic
  
• monochromatic imagery
  
• Monte Carlo method
  
• monument | see: survey monument
  
• morphology
  
• mosaic
  
• mosaic dataset
  
• motion imagery
  
• MSA | see: metropolitan statistical area
  
• MSS | see: multispectral sensor
  
• multichannel receiver
  
• multidimensional data
  
• multidirectional hillshading
  
• multimodal network
  
• multipart feature
  
• multipatch
  
• multipatch feature
  
• multipath error
  
• multiple display map
  
• multiple regression
  
• multiplexing channel receiver
  
• multipoint
  
• multipoint feature
  
• multipoint feature class
  
• multipurpose cadastre
  
• multiscale maps
  
• multispectral
  
• multispectral image
  
• multispectral imaging
  
• multispectral scanner | see: multispectral sensor
  
• multispectral sensor
  
• multitemporal
  
• multivariate analysis
  
• multivariate map
  
• multivariate point symbol
  
• multivariate symbol mapping
  
• multiversioned view
  

N

• NAD 1927 | see: North American Datum of 1927
  
• NAD 1983 | see: North American Datum of 1983
  
• NAD 27 | see: North American Datum of 1927
  
• NAD 83 | see: North American Datum of 1983
  
• nadir
  
• NAICS | see: North American Industry Classification System
  
• NaN
  
• NASA
  
• National Elevation Dataset
  
• National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929
  
• National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency
  
• National Hydrography Dataset
  
• National Land Cover Database
  
• National Map Accuracy Standards
  
• National Ocean Service
  
• National Park Service
  
• National Spatial Data Infrastructure
  
• National Topographic System
  
• natural breaks classification
  
• natural feature
  
• natural neighbors
  
• Natural Resources Canada
  
• Natural Resources Conservation Service
  
• natural variation error
  
• nautical chart
  
• NAVD 88
  
• navigate
  
• navigation
  
• navigation chart
  
• Navstar
  
• near infrared
  
• near ultraviolet
  
• near visible
  
• near-polar orbit
  
• nearest neighbor
  
• nearest neighbor resampling
  
• neatline
  
• NED | see: National Elevation Dataset
  
• neighborhood | see: filter
  
• neighborhood functions
  
• neighborhood statistics | see: focal analysis
  
• network
  
• network analysis
  
• network analysis layer
  
• network ancillary role
  
• network attribute
  
• network dataset
  
• network element
  
• network feature
  
• network flow map
  
• network hierarchy
  
• network layer
  
• network location
  
• network node
  
• network solver | see: solver
  
• network source
  
• network trace
  
• network transformation
  
• neural network
  
• new store analysis
  
• NGA | see: National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency
  
• NGVD 1929 | see: National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929
  
• NGVD29 | see: National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929
  
• NIIRS
  
• NITF
  
• NMEA
  
• NOAA
  
• NoData
  
• node
  
• noise
  
• nominal data
  
• nominal-level data
  
• noncontiguous cartogram
  
• nonparametric statistics
  
• nonsimple polygon
  
• nonspatial data
  
• nontopographic profile
  
• normal aspect
  
• normal distribution
  
• normal form
  
• normal probability distribution | see: normal distribution
  
• normalization
  
• North American Datum of 1927
  
• North American Datum of 1983
  
• North American Industry Classification System
  
• north arrow
  
• north celestial pole
  
• north pole
  
• northing
  
• NOTAM | see: Notice to Airmen
  
• Notice to Airmen
  
• Notice to Mariners
  
• NSDI | see: National Spatial Data Infrastructure
  
• NSDI Clearinghouse Network
  
• NSDI Clearinghouse Node
  
• NTM | see: Notice to Mariners
  
• nugget
  
• null hypothesis
  
• null value
  
• numerical error
  
• numerically lossless compression | see: lossless compression
  

O

• object
  
• object class
  
• object model diagram
  
• object view
  
• ObjectID
  
• oblate ellipsoid
  
• oblate spheroid | see: oblate ellipsoid
  
• oblique image
  
• oblique photograph
  
• oblique projection
  
• oblique-perspective map
  
• oblique-perspective projection
  
• observer
  
• observer offset
  
• occlusion
  
• OD cost matrix | see: origin-destination cost matrix
  
• off-nadir
  
• off-nadir view
  
• offset
  
• offset distance | see: label offset
  
• OGC | see: Open Geospatial Consortium
  
• OGIS | see: Open Geodata Interoperability Specification
  
• OID | see: ObjectID
  
• on the fly
  
• one-to-many relationship
  
• one-to-one relationship
  
• ontology
  
• opacity | see: transparency
  
• Open Geodata Interoperability Specification
  
• Open Geospatial Consortium
  
• OpenGIS Consortium | see: Open Geospatial Consortium
  
• OpenLS
  
• operand
  
• operation codes
  
• operator
  
• operator precedence
  
• optical center | see: visual center
  
• optimization
  
• optimized route | see: traveling salesperson problem
  
• orbital inclination
  
• orbital period
  
• ordering
  
• orders of hierarchy
  
• ordinal data
  
• ordinary kriging
  
• ordinate
  
• ordination method
  
• Ordnance Survey
  
• Ordnance Survey National Grid
  
• Oregon Lambert system
  
• organization
  
• orientation
  
• orientation of vertical labels
  
• orienteering
  
• orienteering compass
  
• origin
  
• origin-destination cost matrix
  
• ortho mosaic
  
• orthocorrection | see: orthorectification
  
• orthogonal
  
• orthogonal offset
  
• orthographic projection
  
• orthographic view
  
• orthoimage | see: orthorectified image
  
• orthometric height
  
• orthomorphic projection | see: conformal projection
  
• orthophanic projection
  
• orthophoto
  
• orthophotomap
  
• orthophotoquad
  
• orthophotoscope
  
• orthorectification
  
• orthorectified image
  
• OSGB36
  
• outlier
  
• outline
  
• outline vectorization
  
• overlap
  
• overlapping rings
  
• overlay
  
• overlay events | see: event overlay
  
• overprinting
  
• override
  
• overshoot
  
• overview
  
• overview map
  
• overview terrain
  
• owner
  

P

• P-code
  
• p-value
  
• pan
  
• pan sharpening
  
• panchromatic
  
• panchromatic image
  
• panchromatic sharpening | see: pan sharpening
  
• paneled map
  
• parallax
  
• parallax bar | see: stereometer
  
• parallel
  
• parallelpiped classifier
  
• parameter
  
• parametric curve
  
• parametric measure
  
• parcel
  
• parcel fabric
  
• parcel fabric record
  
• parcel identification number | see: parcel PIN
  
• parcel map
  
• parcel PIN
  
• parcel polygon
  
• parcel type
  
• parity
  
• parse
  
• partial address support
  
• partial sill
  
• partial-hachuring system
  
• passive remote sensing
  
• passive sensors
  
• patch
  
• path
  
• path distance analysis
  
• pathfinding
  
• pattern
  
• pattern arrangement
  
• pattern orientation
  
• pattern recognition
  
• PDF
  
• PDOP | see: dilution of precision
  
• peak
  
• percent slope
  
• perigee
  
• perimeter
  
• perspective geometry
  
• perspective view
  
• perspective-view map
  
• persuasion map
  
• phenology
  
• phenomena | see: geographic phenomena
  
• photogeology
  
• photogrammetrist
  
• photogrammetry
  
• photomap
  
• photometer
  
• photon
  
• physical distance
  
• physical geography
  
• physical network
  
• physical sensor model
  
• pictographic symbol
  
• picture fill
  
• pie chart
  
• pinch-roller | see: plotter
  
• pit
  
• pixel
  
• pixel density
  
• pixel size
  
• pixel space
  
• pixel type | see: data type
  
• pixel value
  
• place
  
• place-name alias
  
• plan
  
• plan structure
  
• planar coordinate system
  
• planar enforcement
  
• planar measurement
  
• planar projection
  
• planar projection family
  
• planarize
  
• plane survey
  
• planform curvature
  
• planimeter
  
• planimetric
  
• planimetric base
  
• planimetric coordinate method
  
• planimetric map
  
• planimetric shift
  
• planimetric-perspective map
  
• plat
  
• plate carree projection | see: equirectangular projection
  
• platform
  
• platted lot
  
• platted subdivision
  
• PLSS
  
• plumb line
  
• PNG
  
• point
  
• point cloud
  
• point digitizing | see: point mode digitizing
  
• point event
  
• point feature
  
• point feature map
  
• point mode digitizing
  
• point of beginning
  
• point of interest
  
• point of tangency
  
• point sample
  
• point size
  
• point thinning
  
• point-in-polygon overlay
  
• point-on-line overlay | see: line-on-point overlay
  
• point-to-point correspondence
  
• polar aspect
  
• polar axis
  
• polar flattening | see: flattening
  
• polar orbit
  
• polar planimeter
  
• polar radius
  
• polygon
  
• polygon feature
  
• polygon overlay
  
• polygon-arc topology
  
• polyhedron
  
• polyline
  
• polyline feature
  
• pop-up
  
• population count
  
• population density
  
• position
  
• positional accuracy
  
• positional displacement
  
• positional error
  
• positional reference system
  
• postal code
  
• precise code | see: P-code
  
• precision
  
• precision code | see: P-code
  
• prediction
  
• prediction standard error
  
• primary colors
  
• primary key
  
• primary reference data
  
• primary table
  
• prime meridian
  
• prime vertical
  
• principal component analysis
  
• principal meridian
  
• principal point
  
• principal scale
  
• PRJ
  
• PRN
  
• PRN code
  
• probability
  
• probability map
  
• process
  
• processing error
  
• processing template
  
• profile
  
• profile curvature
  
• profile graph
  
• profile line
  
• projected coordinate system
  
• projected coordinates
  
• projection
  
• projection transformation
  
• projective transformation
  
• prolate ellipsoid
  
• propaganda map
  
• proportional symbol
  
• protected code | see: P-code
  
• protractor
  
• proximity
  
• proximity analysis
  
• proximity query
  
• proxy object
  
• pseudo node
  
• pseudo-contiguous cartogram
  
• pseudo-cylindrical map projection
  
• pseudo-random noise | see: PRN
  
• pseudo-random noise code | see: PRN code
  
• pseudo-random number | see: PRN
  
• Public Land Survey System | see: PLSS
  
• public participation
  
• push broom scanner | see: along-track scanner
  
• pyramid
  

Q

• QQ plot
  
• quad sheet | see: quadrangle
  
• quadrangle
  
• quadrant
  
• quadrat
  
• quadrat analysis
  
• quadrilateral
  
• quadtree
  
• qualitative analysis
  
• qualitative change map
  
• qualitative data
  
• quality assurance
  
• quality control
  
• quantile
  
• quantile classification
  
• quantile intervals
  
• quantitative analysis
  
• quantitative change map
  
• quantitative data
  
• quantitative geography
  
• quantitative thematic map
  
• quarter point
  
• quarter section
  
• quarter-quarter section
  
• quartile
  
• quintile
  
• QZSS
  

R

• R-squared
  
• radar
  
• radar altimeter
  
• radar interferometry
  
• radial displacement
  
• radial lens distortion
  
• radial-flow map
  
• radian
  
• radiance
  
• radiation
  
• radiometer
  
• radiometric correction
  
• radiometric resolution
  
• radius
  
• radius of curvature
  
• railroad map
  
• raised-relief globe
  
• Ramer-Douglas-Peucker algorithm
  
• random error
  
• random noise
  
• random sample
  
• random spatial arrangement
  
• range
  
• range domain
  
• range grading
  
• ranging
  
• rank
  
• raster
  
• raster band | see: raster dataset band
  
• raster catalog
  
• raster cell | see: cell
  
• raster data
  
• raster data model
  
• raster dataset
  
• raster dataset band
  
• raster function chain | see: function chain
  
• raster intersection
  
• raster layer
  
• raster model | see: raster data model
  
• raster preprocessing
  
• Raster Product Format | see: RPF
  
• raster slope map
  
• raster snapping | see: snapping
  
• raster statistics
  
• raster tile | see: tiling
  
• raster tracing
  
• raster type
  
• rasterization
  
• rate
  
• ratio
  
• ratio bands
  
• ratio data
  
• ratioing
  
• raw data
  
• ray tracing
  
• real time
  
• real world
  
• real-time data
  
• reclassification
  
• record
  
• rectangular cartogram
  
• rectangular distance table
  
• rectangular survey | see: PLSS
  
• rectification
  
• rectified aerial photograph
  
• rectilinear
  
• redistricting
  
• reference data
  
• reference data source
  
• reference datum
  
• reference ellipsoid
  
• reference grid | see: alphanumeric grid
  
• reference level | see: datum level
  
• reference line
  
• reference map
  
• reference scale
  
• reference spheroid | see: reference ellipsoid
  
• reference system
  
• referential integrity
  
• reflectance
  
• reflective optics
  
• refractive optics
  
• region
  
• register
  
• registration
  
• regression
  
• regression coefficient
  
• regression equation
  
• regular spatial arrangement
  
• reject processing
  
• relate
  
• relational database
  
• relational database management system | see: RDBMS
  
• relational join | see: joining
  
• relational operator
  
• relative accuracy
  
• relative bearing
  
• relative coordinates
  
• relative direction
  
• relative relief
  
• relative relief mapping method
  
• relative steepness
  
• reliability diagram
  
• relief
  
• relief displacement
  
• relief portrayal
  
• relief reversal
  
• relief shading | see: hillshading
  
• rematching
  
• remote sensing
  
• remote-sensing imagery
  
• renderer
  
• rendering
  
• replacement sensor model
  
• representation
  
• representative fraction
  
• reprojection
  
• resampling
  
• rescale
  
• resection
  
• resection method
  
• residual
  
• resolution
  
• resolution merging | see: pan sharpening
  
• resolving power
  
• restriction
  
• reverse geocoding
  
• RF | see: representative fraction
  
• RGB
  
• rhumb line
  
• ring
  
• ring study
  
• rise
  
• river addressing
  
• RMS error
  
• RMSE | see: RMS error
  
• road and recreation atlas
  
• road map
  
• roamer
  
• Robinson projection
  
• root mean square error | see: RMS error
  
• rotate
  
• route
  
• route analysis
  
• route event
  
• route event source
  
• route event table
  
• route feature class | see: route reference
  
• route identifier
  
• route location
  
• route measure
  
• route measure anomalies
  
• route reference
  
• route renewal
  
• route service
  
• route zone
  
• routing service | see: route service
  
• rover
  
• roving window | see: filter
  
• row
  
• row standardization
  
• row, column
  
• RPC
  
• RPF
  
• rubber banding | see: rubber sheeting
  
• rubber sheeting
  
• run
  

S

• S-code | see: civilian code
  
• S/A | see: selective availability
  
• sampling
  
• sampling method
  
• sampling scheme
  
• satellite constellation
  
• satellite imagery
  
• satellite imagery map
  
• satellite navigation system
  
• saturation
  
• SBET
  
• scalable
  
• scalable vector graphics | see: SVG
  
• scale
  
• scale bar
  
• scale bar extension
  
• scale conversion
  
• scale factor
  
• scale range
  
• scale variation
  
• scanner
  
• scanning
  
• scatter chart
  
• scatterplot | see: scatter chart
  
• scene
  
• schema
  
• scrubbing
  
• SDC feature class
  
• SDI
  
• SDK
  
• SDTS
  
• seamline
  
• search
  
• search radius
  
• search tolerance
  
• searching neighborhood
  
• secant
  
• secant projection
  
• second
  
• second normal form
  
• second-order stationarity
  
• secondary reference data
  
• section
  
• section corner
  
• sectional aeronautical chart
  
• segment
  
• segmented symbol
  
• selective availability
  
• self-organizing map | see: Kohonen map
  
• semantic search
  
• semantics
  
• semicross variogram | see: cross variogram
  
• semimajor axis
  
• semiminor axis
  
• semiperimeter
  
• semivariogram
  
• sense of place
  
• sensed pixel
  
• sensitivity analysis
  
• sensor
  
• sensor model
  
• sequential analysis
  
• sequential color scheme
  
• server-side address locator
  
• service
  
• service area analysis
  
• sextant
  
• SHA1
  
• shade symbol | see: fill symbol
  
• shaded relief image
  
• shading
  
• shadow
  
• shape
  
• shape index
  
• shape measure
  
• shapefile
  
• share
  
• shared boundary
  
• shared content
  
• shared vertex
  
• shield
  
• shift line
  
• short wave infrared
  
• short-range variation
  
• shortest path
  
• SIC codes | see: Standard Industrial Classification codes
  
• side offset
  
• sidelap
  
• signal
  
• signal-to-noise ratio
  
• signature | see: spectral signature
  
• significance level
  
• sill
  
• simple edge feature
  
• simple feature
  
• simple feature class
  
• simple junction feature
  
• simple kriging
  
• simple market area
  
• simple measurement
  
• simple relationship
  
• simplification
  
• simultaneous conveyance
  
• single precision
  
• single-coordinate precision | see: single precision
  
• single-theme map
  
• sink
  
• sinusoidal projection
  
• site prospecting
  
• size
  
• sketch
  
• skew
  
• sliver polygon
  
• sliver removal
  
• slope
  
• slope angle
  
• slope curvature
  
• slope error
  
• slope image | see: shaded relief image
  
• slope map
  
• slope measurement error
  
• slope ratio
  
• slope template
  
• small circle
  
• small multiples
  
• small scale
  
• smoothing
  
• smoothing error
  
• snap extent
  
• snapping
  
• snapping tolerance
  
• SNR | see: signal-to-noise ratio
  
• software development kit | see: SDK
  
• solar altitude
  
• solar azimuth
  
• solar insolation
  
• solver
  
• sonar
  
• soundex
  
• sounding
  
• source
  
• source scale
  
• south pole
  
• space coordinate system
  
• space trilateration
  
• space-time cube
  
• spacing
  
• spaghetti data
  
• spaghetti digitizing
  
• spatial
  
• spatial analysis
  
• spatial association
  
• spatial autocorrelation
  
• spatial cognition
  
• spatial configuration
  
• spatial correspondence
  
• spatial cross-correlation
  
• spatial cross-correlation coefficient
  
• spatial data
  
• spatial data infrastructure | see: SDI
  
• Spatial Data Transfer Standard | see: SDTS
  
• spatial database
  
• spatial dependence
  
• spatial diffusion
  
• spatial feature | see: feature
  
• spatial function
  
• spatial grid
  
• spatial index
  
• spatial join
  
• spatial modeling
  
• spatial overlay
  
• spatial overlay analysis
  
• spatial pattern
  
• spatial pattern analysis
  
• spatial query
  
• spatial reference
  
• spatial reference system | see: coordinate system
  
• spatial resolution
  
• spatial shift
  
• spatial statistics
  
• spatial weights matrix
  
• spatialization
  
• Spearman's rank correlation coefficient
  
• specialty
  
• species distribution map
  
• species range map
  
• spectral band | see: band
  
• spectral resolution
  
• spectral signature
  
• spectrometer | see: spectrophotometer
  
• spectrophotometer
  
• spectroscopy
  
• spectrum | see: electromagnetic spectrum
  
• spelling sensitivity
  
• sphere
  
• spherical coordinate method
  
• spherical coordinate system
  
• spheroid
  
• spider diagram | see: desire-line analysis
  
• spike
  
• spline
  
• spline interpolation
  
• split character
  
• SPOT
  
• spot elevation
  
• spot height | see: spot elevation
  
• spurious polygon | see: sliver polygon
  
• stacked scale bar
  
• staging geodatabase | see: CAD staging geodatabase
  
• standard annotation
  
• standard deviation
  
• standard deviation classification
  
• standard deviational ellipse
  
• standard distance
  
• standard error
  
• Standard Industrial Classification codes
  
• standard line
  
• standard parallel
  
• standardization
  
• star chart
  
• star diagram
  
• state
  
• state grid
  
• state plane coordinate system
  
• static
  
• static positioning
  
• stationarity
  
• stationary front
  
• stationing
  
• statistic F | see: F statistic
  
• statistical surface
  
• steepest path
  
• stepped-surface map
  
• steradian
  
• stereocompilation
  
• stereogrammatic organization | see: visual hierarchy
  
• stereographic projection
  
• stereometer
  
• stereomodel
  
• stereopair
  
• stereoplotter
  
• stereoscope
  
• stereoscopic pair | see: stereopair
  
• stereoscopic polarization
  
• stereoscopy
  
• stochastic model
  
• stop
  
• stop impedance
  
• store market analysis
  
• store prospecting
  
• story
  
• straight-line allocation
  
• straight-line direction
  
• straight-line distance
  
• stream digitizing | see: stream mode digitizing
  
• stream flow
  
• stream mode digitizing
  
• stream tolerance
  
• streamgage
  
• streaming
  
• street network
  
• street segment
  
• street-based mapping
  
• stretch
  
• string
  
• structure | see: drift
  
• structure line
  
• study area
  
• style
  
• subdivision
  
• sublayer
  
• submerged contour
  
• subsumption
  
• subtractive color
  
• subtype
  
• suitability model
  
• sun-synchronous orbit
  
• superimposed map
  
• supplemental contour
  
• surface
  
• surface fitting
  
• surface model
  
• surficial geology map
  
• surround element | see: map element
  
• survey
  
• survey marker | see: survey monument
  
• survey monument
  
• survey township
  
• surveying
  
• surveyor's compass
  
• SVG
  
• symbol
  
• Symbol ID code
  
• symbol level drawing
  
• symbolization
  
• symbology
  
• synchronization
  
• synchronous
  

T

• table
  
• tabular data
  
• tactical symbol | see: control measure
  
• tag
  
• tangent projection
  
• tangential lens distortion
  
• tasseled cap transformation
  
• TAT | see: text attribute table
  
• TDI
  
• TDOP | see: dilution of precision
  
• telemetry
  
• temperature gradient
  
• temperature map
  
• temporal data
  
• temporal GIS
  
• temporal resolution
  
• terrain
  
• terrain dataset
  
• terrain dataset pyramid
  
• terrain model
  
• terrain pyramid group
  
• terrain pyramid level
  
• terrain pyramid resolution bounds
  
• terrain surface
  
• terrain tiles
  
• tessellation
  
• text attribute table
  
• text element
  
• text label
  
• text modifier | see: attribute
  
• text symbol
  
• texture
  
• thematic accuracy
  
• thematic data
  
• thematic map
  
• theme
  
• theme table
  
• theodolite
  
• Thiessen polygon
  
• thinning | see: weeding
  
• third normal form
  
• three-dimensional shape | see: 3D shape
  
• threshold ring analysis
  
• thumbnail
  
• tic
  
• tick marks
  
• tidal datum
  
• tie point
  
• tie survey
  
• tied candidates
  
• TIGER
  
• TIGER/Line files
  
• tight coupling
  
• tile
  
• tile cache
  
• tile layer
  
• tile service
  
• tiling
  
• tiling scheme
  
• time line
  
• time window
  
• TIN
  
• TIN dataset
  
• TIN layer
  
• TIN line type
  
• Tissot indicatrix | see: Tissot's indicatrix
  
• Tissot's indicatrix
  
• TLM
  
• to-node
  
• Tobler's First Law of Geography
  
• tolerance
  
• tone
  
• topo sheet | see: quadrangle
  
• topographic line map | see: TLM
  
• topographic map
  
• topographic profile
  
• topography
  
• topological association
  
• topological error
  
• topological feature
  
• topological overlay | see: overlay
  
• topological transformation
  
• topology
  
• topology error | see: error
  
• topology rule
  
• toponym
  
• tour
  
• township
  
• township line
  
• TPS measurement
  
• tracing | see: network trace
  
• tracking data | see: temporal data
  
• tract | see: census tract
  
• traffic flow map
  
• training
  
• training samples
  
• transect line
  
• transform events
  
• transformation
  
• transformed band
  
• transit map
  
• transit rule
  
• translate
  
• translation
  
• transmittance
  
• transparency
  
• transverse aspect
  
• transverse Mercator projection
  
• trap feature
  
• travel time
  
• traveling salesperson problem
  
• traverse
  
• trend
  
• trend surface analysis
  
• triangle
  
• triangulated irregular network | see: TIN
  
• triangulation
  
• trilateration
  
• trim guide | see: crop marks
  
• tripel
  
• true azimuth
  
• true bearing
  
• true curve | see: parametric curve
  
• true north
  
• true north reference line
  
• true-direction projection | see: azimuthal projection
  
• TSP | see: traveling salesperson problem
  
• TSPI
  
• tuple
  
• turn
  
• turn feature class
  
• turn impedance
  
• turn table
  
• turn-by-turn maps
  
• tween
  

U

• U.S. Geological Survey
  
• U.S. National Geodetic Survey
  
• UAS
  
• UAV | see: UAS
  
• ultraviolet
  
• uncertainty
  
• undershoot
  
• undevelopable surface
  
• undirected network flow
  
• uninitialized flow direction
  
• union
  
• unit of measure
  
• United States Geological Survey | see: U.S. Geological Survey
  
• univariate analysis
  
• univariate distribution
  
• universal kriging
  
• universal polar stereographic
  
• Universal Soil Loss Equation
  
• universal time
  
• universal transverse Mercator | see: UTM
  
• universe polygon
  
• UNIX time
  
• unknown points
  
• unmanaged raster catalog
  
• unmanned aerial system | see: UAS
  
• unprojected coordinates | see: geographic coordinates
  
• UPS | see: universal polar stereographic
  
• upstream
  
• urban geography
  
• Urban Vector Map | see: UVMap
  
• USGS | see: U.S. Geological Survey
  
• USLE | see: Universal Soil Loss Equation
  
• UT | see: universal time
  
• UTC | see: coordinated universal time
  
• UTM
  
• UVMap
  

V

• vagueness
  
• valency
  
• valency table
  
• validation
  
• validation rule
  
• value
  
• value attribute table | see: VAT
  
• vanishing point
  
• variable
  
• variable contour density
  
• variable depth masking
  
• variance
  
• variance-covariance matrix
  
• variant
  
• variogram
  
• variography
  
• VAT
  
• VDOP | see: dilution of precision
  
• vector
  
• vector data
  
• vector data model
  
• vector flow map
  
• vector model | see: vector data model
  
• vector product format
  
• vectorization
  
• vegetation zone
  
• vehicle navigation system
  
• vehicle routing problem
  
• verbal scale
  
• Vernier scale
  
• vertex
  
• vertical control datum | see: vertical geodetic datum
  
• vertical coordinate system
  
• vertical datum
  
• vertical exaggeration
  
• vertical geodetic datum
  
• vertical image
  
• vertical line | see: plumb line
  
• vertical photograph
  
• vertical shift
  
• VFR chart
  
• view
  
• viewing mirror
  
• viewpoint
  
• viewshed
  
• virtual table
  
• virtually lossless compression | see: lossless compression
  
• visibility | see: line of sight
  
• visible satellite image
  
• visible scale range
  
• visual balance
  
• visual center
  
• visual field effect
  
• visual hierarchy
  
• visual variable
  
• visualization
  
• VMap
  
• VMR
  
• volume
  
• VOR beacon
  
• Voronoi diagram
  
• voxel
  
• VPF | see: vector product format
  
• VRP | see: vehicle routing problem
  

W

• WAAS
  
• WAMI
  
• warping | see: rubber sheeting
  
• watershed
  
• wavelength
  
• wavelet compression
  
• wavelet transform
  
• wayfinding
  
• waypoint
  
• weather map
  
• web feature server specification | see: Web Feature Service
  
• Web Feature Service
  
• web map
  
• web map server specification | see: Web Map Service
  
• Web Map Service
  
• Web Mercator projection
  
• web service
  
• weed tolerance
  
• weeding
  
• weight
  
• weight filter
  
• weighted mean center
  
• weighted moving average
  
• weighted overlay
  
• weighted standard deviational ellipse
  
• weird polygon | see: nonsimple polygon
  
• well-known ID | see: WKID
  
• well-known text | see: WKT
  
• WFS | see: Web Feature Service
  
• WGS 1972 | see: WGS72
  
• WGS 1984 | see: WGS84
  
• WGS72
  
• WGS84
  
• whisk broom scanner | see: across-track scanner
  
• wide area motion imagery | see: WAMI
  
• widget
  
• wind barb
  
• wind rose
  
• wind vector
  
• windowing
  
• Winkel Tripel projection
  
• wireframe
  
• WKID
  
• WKT
  
• WMS | see: Web Map Service
  
• workflow
  
• world file
  
• World Geodetic System 1972 | see: WGS72
  
• World Geodetic System 1984 | see: WGS84
  
• WorldView-3
  
• WTM
  
• WYSIWYG
  

X

• x-axis
  
• x-slope
  
• x,y coordinates
  
• x,y event
  
• x,y values | see: x,y coordinates
  
• x,y,z coordinates
  
• xeric
  
• XTE | see: cross-track error
  

Y

• y-axis
  
• y-slope
  
• yard
  

Z

• z-axis
  
• z-coordinate | see: z-value
  
• z-factor
  
• z-score
  
• z-tolerance
  
• z-value
  
• zenith
  
• zenith angle
  
• zenithal projection | see: azimuthal projection
  
• zero contour
  
• zero-length line event
  
• ZIP code
  
• ZIP+4 code
  
• zonal analysis
  
• zonal functions | see: zonal analysis
  
• zonal statistics
  
• zone
  
• zone of indifference weighting
  
• zone of interpolation
  
• zoning
  
• zoning code
  
• zoning districts
  
• zoom
  
• zoom level