[coordinate systems]
A framework used to define, represent, and measure the spatial location of features on the earth's surface. A coordinate system provides a standardized method for referencing and integrating spatial data from various sources and ensures accurate spatial relationships between features. It includes a reference point (origin), coordinate axes (such as latitude and longitude or easting and northing), and units of measurement (such as degrees, meters, or feet). Common coordinate systems used in GIS include geographic, projected, and vertical coordinate systems.
