Error executing tool. PublishServiceDefinition ERROR 001487: Failed to update the published service with the server-side data location. Please see the server's log for more details.

Error Message

When attempting to publish a service referencing an enterprise database or geodatabase in ArcGIS Server 10.5.0, an error similar to the following is returned:

Error:   
Error executing tool. PublishServiceDefinition ERROR 001487: Failed to update the published service with the server-side data location. Please see the server's log for more details.

Note:
In certain cases, existing services that use these connections may work properly, and data stores may validate successfully.

Cause

The 'dsconnections.lst' file is not present in the following directories:

C:\arcgisserver\config-store\data

C:\Program Files\ArcGIS\Server\DatabaseSupport

This file is not generated when the 'Validate All' command is run via ArcGIS Server Manager. This issue is caused by a defective patch, the 'ArcGIS Server Geoprocessing Service Startup Patch' for 10.5.0.

Solution or Workaround

1. Remove the previously installed Geoprocessing Service Startup patch.
2. Download and install the updated patch: ArcGIS Server Geoprocessing Service Startup Patch.
3. Log in to ArcGIS Server Manager. Navigate to Site > GIS Server > Data Stores. Click Validate All.