ArcGIS Server: Consolidation failed

Error Message

When attempting to publish a map as a map service from ArcGIS Pro to ArcGIS Server, the following error is returned in the ArcGIS Server logs:

Error:   
Consolidation failed

Cause

The data source of one or more layers in the map are moved or renamed, causing the connection to the layer to be broken with no data to display. Additionally, in some cases, the red exclamation point is not displayed next to the layer in the Contents pane in ArcGIS Pro, making it difficult to identify the layers with broken data sources.

Solution or Workaround

In ArcGIS Pro, identify the layers with the incorrect data source and ensure the layers are set with the correct data source. Complete the workaround below to specify the layer with the correct data source.

1. Open the ArcGIS Pro project.
2. In the Contents pane, right-click the layer and click Properties.
3. In the Layer Properties dialog box, click Source.
4. Click Set Data Source….

5. In the Change data source dialog box, specify the correct data source of the layer.
6. Click OK > OK. Publish the map as a map service to ArcGIS Server.