When resourcing an MXD file to a new connection file, the Set Data Source tool attempts to access the old connection, causing the user account to be locked.
Duplicate of BUG-000091874: "Fixed by BUG-000091874: Opening a saved ArcGIS Pro project, or an existing ArcMap map document (MXD) after a user's database password is changed, results in multiple failed login attempts to the database which may result in the user's DBMS account being locked."
解决办法
1. Create a new ArcSDE connection file with the new password.
2. Resource the data sources.
3. Change the password in the database.