The error message, "Shape Integrity Error" is returned in ArcGIS Desktop 10.6.1 and ArcGIS Pro 2.2 when attempting to preview a polygon spatial layer from the PostgreSQL database.
This is a duplicate of BUG-000122070. In ArcGIS Desktop 10.6.1 and ArcGIS Pro 2.2, validating third party spatial types such as SQL Server geometry and PostGreSQL PostGIS are stopped. This is expected to occur with those types when created with third party applications and for datasets created in some earlier versions of ArcGIS that do not validate with updated rules. Having new tables created that work makes sense as they are using newer rules.
Refer to the following knowledge article for more details:
BUG-000122070: Shapes that are stored using third-party spatial types may display incorrectly or not at all,
https://support.esri.com/en/Technical-Article/000023345.