The issue does not occur when the same layers are exported to a file geodatabase.
Another workaround is to remove the domain from the affected field in ArcGIS Online by clicking the Data tab in the item details page. Click the Fields button, then click the field name of the list to be removed. On that page, click the pencil icon to edit the current list. Within that view, click the Delete List button in the lower left.
In ArcGIS Pro, the Remove Domain From Field tool also removes the domain and serves as a workaround.