The data frame extent is different than expected for a layout result from an ArcMap Server GET_LAYOUT request

1. An ArcMap document is created where the apsect ratio of the data frame in the layout is much different than the ratio of the data frame in data view.
Here is the layout view.

This is the orginal ArcMap layout of the Pacific region of the United States.

This is the data view for an ArcMap document.  Notice that much more of the United States can be seen than in the layout.  This is because the aspect ratio is very different.  The X axis of the data view is much larger.

The ArcMap Document is saved when the data view is active and then served. This is the response for a GET_LAYOUT request.

This is the response from a GET_LAYOUT request when the map was saved in data view.  Notice that the layout is quite different than the original layout.

The ArcMap Document is saved when the layout view is active and then served. This is the response for a GET_LAYOUT request.

This is the response from a GET_LAYOUT request when the map was saved in layout view.  It matches the orginal layout in ArcMap.

2. An ArcMap document is created where the data frame's map scale for the layout (set for a page size of 22 x 34 inches) is much different than the map scale in the data view.
Here is the layout view.

Notice that the map scale is 1:2,000,000 and Madagascar takes up most of the layout.

Notice that the map scale is 1:10,648,541.  The map scale for the layout of this map document is 1:2,000,000 (page size is 22 x 34 inches)

The ArcMap Document is saved when the data view is active and then served. This is the response for a GET_LAYOUT request.

This is the result of a GET_LAYOUT request when the data view is active when saving the document.  Notice Madagascar is much smaller than in the original ArcMap layout.

The ArcMap Document is saved when the layout view is active and then served. This is the response for a GET_LAYOUT request.

This is the result of a GET_LAYOUT request when the layout view is active when saving the document. The result is the same as the original ArcMap layout.

3. If there is a mismatch between the FILTERCOORDSYS and the coordinate system of the data frame in the original ArcMap document, specify the coordinate system within DATAFRAME in the GET_LAYOUT request and use a FILTERCOORDSYS value that matches the data frame coordinate system of the original ArcMap document.

4. Specifying a scale or an envelope for each data frame in the layout for all GET_LAYOUT requests should resolve extent discrepancies.