Geoprocessing tools cannot run on fields in a feature layer with attachments enabled.

Workaround

One workaround involves enabling branch versioning, but this approach does not always suit organizational policies or preferences.

1. Enable branch versioning on both the feature dataset and the ATTACH standalone table. Ensure the feature dataset is not in use during the process (e.g., opened in a map or referenced by a GIS service), or the operation will fail.
2. Enable branch versioning on the database connection under Geodatabase Connection Properties.
3. Publish a referenced map layer with feature access to the ArcGIS Enterprise portal. Since branch versioning is enabled, perform subsequent edits to the dataset through a GIS service instead of directly on it.
4. Add the feature layer to a map in ArcGIS Pro and open the attribute table.

Run the Calculate Geometry tool successfully.

Steps to Reproduce